
Under the India-South Korea free trade agreement that came into force in 2010, India has allowed duty free import of gold and silver items. However, it imposed 12.5% countervailing duty to offset the equal level of excise duty on gold and silver jewellery items produced domestically.
After goods and services tax (GST) was implemented starting 1 July, countervailing duty was abolished as the new tax regime subsumed excise duty and only 3% GST was imposed on gold. This created a situation where importing gold via South Korea became profitable due to its duty free status even as government continued to impose 10% basic customs duty on import of gold from other countries.
Gold imports from South Korea surged to $339 million between 1 July and 3 August against import of only 70.5 million in the financial year 2016-17.
DGFT on 14 August had prohibited export of gold items above 22 carat as it.